Frederick j



(No Model.)

I. J. MITCHELL & 0; B. WARREN. APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING HYDROOARBON AND OTHER LIQUIDS FOR LIGHTING, 850.

No. 369,870. Patented Sept. 13, 1887'.

N. PETERS, Phm-umn mr. Washington. n c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIcE.

FREDERICK J. MITCHELL AND OLIVER B. WARREN, OF N EWV YORK, N. Y.

APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYlNG HYDROCABBN AND OTHER LIQUIDS FOR LIGHTING, dc.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent NO. 369,870, dated September 13, 1887.

Application filed January 28, 1886. Serial No. 190,031.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, FREDERICK J. MITCH- ELL, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, and OLIVER B. WARREN, a citizen of the United States, both residing at N o. 453 West Thirtieth street, in the city of New York, have invented a new and useful Apparatus for Supplying Hydrocarbons for Lighting and Heating, of which the following is a specification.

The objects of our invention are to secure greater safety in the use of hydrocarbons and other liquids used for lighting or heating, economy in such use, more perfect combustion, and certainty of supply. We attain these objects by the aid of the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which-- Figure l is a vertical section of the entire apparatus, and Fig. 2 a vertical section of the governing device.

Similar letters refer to similar parts in the two views.

Our method of supply is adapted to the use of any liquid used for artificial lighting; but as the liquid most largely used is commonly classed as an oil, we shall use the term oil in our description for the sake of perspicuity.

In Fig. 1, A is a reservoir, which is partially or completely filled with any hydrocar- I bon or other liquid used for illuminating or heating. This reservoir A is connected by the pipe B with the governing apparatus 0,

, which apparatus is more fully shown in Fig.

2. The pipe D connects the governor G with the reservoir E. The pipe F F F, asiphon in form of construction, extends from the governor C to the pendant, which may be constructed with a vertical tube, H, hollow arms I I, and chambers K K. These chambers are supplied with aburner and wick, which may be of any suitable pattern or kind. The reservoir A, Fig. 1, is placed in any convenient position above the level of the governor O, and filled with oil to the height shown by the dotted line a (t. The oil descends by its own gravity through the pipe B into and fills the containing-case b b b of the governor G, passing through thevalve-chamber J.

The construction of the governor G is more fully shown in Fig. 2, in which b b b is the containing-case, in the bottom of which a de- (No model.)

pression or well, d, is formed. To the bottom of the case b b b is secured the valvechamber construction permits a vertical movement of 50 the float L. The valve-chamber J is formed with an upper and lower seat, into which the double-faced valve 0 is seated when actuatedby the movement of the float L through the medium of a prolongation of the valvestem P and its connection with the arm M at 0. At the upper part of the case b b b, and above the line H, the pipe D is connected, extending down into the reservoir E. (Shown in Fig. 1.)

As before stated, the oil contained in the reservoir A descends by its own; gravity through the pipe B into the case b b b of the governor O. This causes the float L to rise. By proper adjustment of the length of the valve-stem P, when the oil has reached the level Z l, the upward movement of the float L brings the valve 0 firmly against the upper seat of the valvechamber J, preventing a further inflow of oil as long as there remains sufficient oil in the case b b b to support the float L.

The pipe F F F, supported in any convenient position, is constructed upon the principle of the siphon, the legs being of equal lengths. The leg f is inserted in the case of the governor 0, extending down into the well d, and fixed in such a position that the open end of the legf is within a short distance of the bottom of the well (I. The leg 9 of the siphon F F F is constructed so as to extend down through the tube H of the pendant, and is fixed in such a position that the open end of the leg 9 is within a short distance of the bottom of the well G. The length or drop of the pendant is adjusted to bring a point in the chambers K K (which point is below the burners) upon the same levelas that of the oil in the governor O. This level is shown by the dotted line I l. The chambers K K and the hollow arms I I are filled with oil to the level Z Z, and the siphon-pipe F F F charged with oil in any manner that will completely fill it and exclude the air.

It will be seen that we have provided two receptacles for the oil placed upon the same level, but at a distance from each other, and connected byasiphon. A change in the level of the oil in one receptaclefor example, the chamber K-will be followed by a change in the level of the oil in the other receptacle for example, the containing-case of the governor O. The wicks of the burners being ignited, aportion of the oil is drawn from the chambers K K, lowering the level of the oil therein, and increasing the length of the leg 9 of the siphon F FF. Following the known natural law governing a siphon a movement of the oil in the siphon F F F takes place,

, drawing from the supply in the containingcase of the governor O. This results in a lowering of the level of the oil in the governor O, a consequent falling of the float L, the opening of the valve 0, and the admission of a supply of oil to the case of the governor 0 through the valve-chamber Jand the pipe B from the reservoir A.

In practical operation it has been demonstrated that the valve 0 is automatically adjusted by the movement of the float L to a position admitting of the passage of just sufficient oil to supply the consumption at the burners, and is maintained in that position as long as the demand is unchanged.

If the valve 0 from any cause is prevented from performing the ofiice of closing the passage from the reservoir A to the governor O, and consequently the level of the oil in the governor O is raised above the line Z I, an

' overflow is prevented by the action of the pipe D, which conducts the surplus oil into the reservoir E. A device operating in the same manner can be supplied to the pendant.

The reservoir A, the governor O, and the reservoir E may be placed outside of the apartments or building where used.

A rupture of the pipe F F F from any causeas from fire or accidental breakageresults in the immediate flow of oil away from the point of rupture, descending on the one side into the case of the governor C, and through the overflow-pipe D into the reservoir E, and on the other side into the overflow-receptacle which may be provided in the pendant, such rupture of the pipe F F F destroying the vacuum that had previously been maintained therein.

We find by practical tests that the chambers K K, and all other parts of a pendant for three burners, together with twenty lineal feet of pipe, may be constructed of such sizes as to contain less than one pint of oil. As the oil is maintained at the same level, the height of the-burners can be fixed at that point which will insure the most perfect combustion. The burners being so placed, their temperature is maintained by the constant flow of cool oil from the reservoir below the point at which undue vaporization of the oil takes place and the consequent escape of noxious foul-smelling gases which vitiate the surrounding air.

We are well acquainted with the fact of the prior use of floats for the control of valves for regulating the flow of liquids. and to that portion of the apparatus described we make no claim; but

What we do claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination of the reservoir A, siphon-pipe F F F, governor O, and the pendant having a vertical tube, H, hollow arms I I, chambers K K, and well G, substantially as shown and described.

2. The reservoir A, governor 0, having containing'case b b I), well 01 in its bottom, for the reception of the siphon-pipe, overflow-pipe D, valve-chamber J, valve-stem P, valve 0, the float L, for operating said valve, and the pendant having well G, substantially as shown and described.

3. The combination of the reservoir A, pipe B, governor 0, having containingcase b b b,

well d, overflow-pipe D, leading to the reservoirE, valve 0, means for operatingsaid valve, float L, the pendant having the well G, and siphon-pipe F F F, connecting governor and the well G, substantially as shown and described.

FREDK. J. MITCHELL. O. B. WARREN.

Witnesses:

J ACOB APPELL, ALBERT J. APPELL. 

